{"id":8055,"date":"2026-04-23T05:35:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:35:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fermentorchina.com\/?p=8055"},"modified":"2026-04-23T05:36:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T05:36:37","slug":"vaccine-manufacturing-tech-10-yr-summary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fermentorchina.com\/ru\/vaccine-manufacturing-tech-10-yr-summary\/","title":{"rendered":"Vaccine Manufacturing Technology \u2013 A 10-Year Development Summary"},"content":{"rendered":"

I. Progress in Vaccine R&D and Approvals<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n
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  1. Approval of New-Platform Vaccines<\/b><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    DNA and RNA vaccines have developed very fast. These include viral vector vaccines and mRNA-LNP vaccines. Ten new viral vector vaccines have been approved since 2012. They work against diseases like Japanese encephalitis, dengue, Ebola and SARS-CoV-2. Two mRNA-LNP vaccines have also been approved.\u00a0Vaccine manufacturing\u00a0for these new platforms requires new equipment and skills.<\/p>\n

    \"Vaccine<\/p>\n

    Some viral vector vaccines use special designs. One example is heterologous vector systems, like GamEvac-Combi. They use different carriers such as VSV and Ad5 to carry antigens.\u00a0Vaccine manufacturing\u00a0has to handle these different carriers with care.<\/p>\n

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    1. New Developments in Traditional Vaccines<\/b><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Flucelvax was approved in the United States in 2012. It was the first seasonal flu vaccine made with cell culture. It uses suspended MDCK cells. Europe approved this vaccine in 2007.\u00a0Vaccine manufacturing\u00a0for cell-based flu vaccines is different from egg-based methods.<\/p>\n

      The FDA approved several important vaccines in 2017. One is Shingrix. It is a recombinant glycoprotein vaccine. It is made in CHO cells and uses a special adjuvant. Another is Heplisav-B. It is a hepatitis B vaccine. It uses a new adjuvant and a recombinant protein antigen.\u200b<\/p>\n

      The FDA approved JYNNEOS in 2019. It is a vaccine for smallpox and monkeypox. It is a live vaccine from the MVA-BN strain. It grows in special cell lines and goes through many steps. Its use was expanded in 2022 under emergency approval.\u200b<\/p>\n

      The WHO supported new polio vaccines in 2020. One is nOPV2. It is made in Vero cells. It has gene changes. These changes make it more stable. Another is sIPV. It is made in Vero cells with microcarriers. It has many improvements. These improvements lower safety risks.\u200b<\/p>\n

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      1. <\/b>Achievements in COVID-19 Vaccines\u200b<\/b><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        COVID-19 started in early 2020. Many vaccine candidates began clinical tests soon after. The first emergency use approvals came in December 2020. More than 13 billion doses were given by March 2023.\u00a0Vaccine manufacturing\u00a0at this scale had never been done before.<\/p>\n

        There are several main types of COVID-19 vaccines. One type is inactivated whole-virus vaccines. For example, CoronaVac by Sinovac and BBIBP-CorV by Sinopharm. Vaccine manufacturing\u00a0for inactivated vaccines needs large virus culture and chemical killing.\u00a0Another type is mRNA-LNP vaccines. For example, Comirnaty by Pfizer-BioNTech and Spikevax by Moderna. Vaccine manufacturing\u00a0for mRNA-LNP vaccines uses pDNA templates and lipid nanoparticle mixing.\u00a0The third type is adenoviral vector vaccines. For example, Vaxzevria by AstraZeneca and Ad5-nCoV by CanSino. These vaccines are different in many ways. They use different doses. They use different adjuvants. They use different cell lines. They use different storage conditions.\u00a0Vaccine manufacturing\u00a0has to adapt to all these differences.\u200b<\/p>\n

        II. Advances in Vaccine Production Technology\u200b<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

        1\u3001Cell Culture\u200b<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n