Production process of tetanus vaccine

Tetanus is an extremely serious acute infectious diseases caused by Clostridium tetanus invading the human body through skin or mucosal wounds, growing and reproducing locally in the wounds and producing toxins. After entering the human body, Clostridium tetanus produces exotoxins with spasmodic and hemolytic toxicity, which are extremely toxic and can cause functional changes in the central nervous system of the human body. Clinical manifestations are mainly characterized by closed jaws, systemic muscle rigidity, and paroxysmal spasms. Severe patients can experience asphyxia, laryngeal spasms, lung infections, organ failure, etc., posing a fatal threat to their life and health.

Bailun 50L-500L-100L-1T vaccine fermentation bioreactor

Tetanus spores are widely present in the natural environment, and humans generally have no natural immunity to tetanus. Therefore, artificial immunity is needed to make the body develop immunity to tetanus toxin. There are two methods: active immunity and passive immunity. Getting vaccinated against tetanus belongs to active immunity.

The main component of the tetanus vaccine is tetanus toxoid (TT), which is made by attenuated tetanus exotoxin. The active immunity against tetanus is to inoculate tetanus toxoids into the human body, causing the body to produce antibodies against tetanus toxin, thereby gaining immunity.

Vaccine classification

At present, the vaccines used in China to prevent tetanus include the following five types:

1. Adsorbed decellularized pertussis pertussis combined vaccine (DTaP): made by adding aluminum hydroxide adjuvant to decellularized pertussis vaccine stock solution (co purification process), diphtheria toxoid stock solution, and tetanus toxoid stock solution. Used to prevent pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus.
2. DTaP Hib: The main components of the DTaP Hib vaccine are the DTaP combination vaccine (co purification process) and the Haemophilus influenzae combination vaccine. Used to prevent pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus, and invasive diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B.
3. Adsorbed cell-free pertussis vaccine inactivated poliomyelitis and influenza type B hemophilus (DTaP IPV/Hib) combined vaccine: composed of an Adsorbed cell-free pertussis vaccine inactivated poliomyelitis combined vaccine containing diphtheria toxoids adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide, tetanus toxoids, two purified pertussis antigens (PT and FHA), and three types of poliomyelitis virus and influenza type B hemophilus combined vaccine. Used to prevent invasive infections caused by pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, and Haemophilus influenzae type B.
4. Adsorbed diphtheria tetanus combination vaccine (DT): made by adding aluminum hydroxide adjuvant to the diphtheria toxoid stock solution and tetanus toxoid stock solution. Used for enhancing immunity against diphtheria and tetanus in children who have been fully immunized with the adsorbed pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus combination vaccine.
5. The adsorbed tetanus vaccine is made by culturing Clostridium tetanus in a suitable culture medium to produce toxins that are detoxified and refined by formaldehyde, and then added with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. Used to prevent tetanus.

Among them, DTaP and DT are immune planning vaccines, while DTaP Hib, DTaP IPV//Hib, and adsorbed tetanus vaccines are non immune planning vaccines.

Vaccine process

1. Activation of bacterial strains (the production bacterial strain used in China is L58)
2. To cultivate toxin production, deep culture in culture tanks is used, and hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide must also be discharged through ventilation)
3. Heating and detoxification of formaldehyde (the current method used is 0.36% formaldehyde pH neutral, detoxification at 37 ° C for 30 days)
4. Concentration and refining (concentrated through ultrafiltration, sulfuric acid precipitation)
5. Sterilization filtration (removing bacterial cells through a 0.22um microporous membrane filtration)
6. Adsorption of refined tetanus toxin (adsorbed with gas alumina)

Process of Bailun Tetanus Vaccine

The perfect sealing design of the fermentation bioreactor, automatic CIP and SIP provide safety guarantee for the production of highly pathogenic toxins.The unique exhaust gas treatment device of the fermentation bioreactor effectively removes harmful gases and protects the environment while ensuring biological safety.

Bailun fermenter bioreactor tetanus cultivation system

Fermentation bioreactor are the main equipment for the production of tetanus vaccines.Bailun’s fermentation bioreactors are available in a variety of models and specifications to meet customers’ various production requirements.The height-to-diameter ratio of Balun’s fermentation bioreactor is 2:1, which is suitable for the cultivation of Clostridium tetanus.The surface ventilation design of the fermentation bioreactor is equipped with AIR automatic flow regulation.

Bailun vaccine fermentation bioreactor

About Bailun

Bailun has rich experience in the manufacturing of various fermentation bioreactor. We have a team of experts in the fields of biological reactions, fermentation processes, mechanical manufacturing, and automation control. Our scientific research and technological level has always been at the forefront in China and internationally, providing you with a comfortable, reassuring, and reassuring product experience.

The external components of the biological fermentation bioreactor should adhere to three conveniences, namely easy installation and disassembly, easy cleaning and sterilization, and easy operation and maintenance, and be able to withstand high-pressure steam sterilization;The biological fermentation bioreactor involves active substances during the cultivation process, so it must comply with biological safety standards. It should not only prevent all external microbial contamination, but also prevent the cultivation substances in the fermentation bioreactor from polluting the surrounding environment. Therefore, the biological fermentation bioreactor should be a system device with good sealing performance, and its venting and discharge of gases and liquids inside the fermentation bioreactor need to be filtered to remove active substances;The biological fermentation bioreactor should have excellent mass/heat transfer efficiency and excellent material mixing performance to provide the optimal growth temperature of the culture.

To ensure that the fermentation bioreactor is sterile, it is very important to have a reasonable structural design of the fermentation bioreactor equipment and to actively introduce and absorb advanced technology.Bailun adheres to the principle that every detail embodies the principle of customer consideration, and continuously carries out technological innovation. The vaccine fermentation bioreactor product equipment components produced use standard parts, and the key accessories are basically consistent with European products. At the same time, the pipelines are optimized. It facilitates maintenance and upkeep during operation and reduces customers’ usage costs. Safety, simplicity, precision, reliability and durability are the performance of its products. With the continuous advancement of technology, vaccine fermentation bioreactor products will also begin to move towards full automation, and fully automatic program sterilization will become a trend.

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